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Maurice Ravel

Gaspard de la nuit - Maurice Ravel

Ondine
Le Gibet
Scarbo

Ravel was quite frank about his decision to write Gaspard de la nuit (and particularly Scarbo) as a challenge to the piano virtuosi of his day and it has come down to us as one of the most difficult works in the repertoire. All very well, but in all the discussion of its technical demands it is easy to lose sight of its magnificent poetic qualities. The three movements are directly inspired by three poems and Ravel himself said: “Gaspard has been a devil in coming, but that is only logical since it was he who is the author of the poems. My ambition is to say with notes what a poet expresses with words.” The first edition of the score printed the poems before each movement, a testament to Ravel’s deep connection with them and his understanding that they were inseparable from the music.
   Here they are.

Ondine


. . . . . . . . Je croyais entendre
Une vague harmonie enchanter mon sommeil,
Et près de moi s'épandre un murmure pareil
Aux chants entrecoupés d'une voix triste et tendre.
Ch. Brugnot. – Les deux Génies
. . . . . . . . I thought I heard
A faint harmony that enchants my sleep.
And close to me radiates an identical murmur
Of songs interrupted by a sad and tender
voice.
Ch. Brugnot – The Two Spirits
» Écoute! – Écoute! – C'est moi,
c'est Ondine qui frôle de ces gouttes d'eau les losanges sonores de ta fenêtre illuminée par les mornes rayons de la lune; et voici, en robe de moire, la dame châtelaine qui contemple à son balcon la belle nuit étoilée et le beau lac endormi.
"Listen! – Listen! – It is I, it is Ondine
who brushes drops of water on the resonant panes of your windows lit by the gloomy rays of the moon; and here in gown of watered silk, the mistress of the chateau gazes from her balcony on the beautiful starry night and the beautiful sleeping lake.
» Chaque flot est un ondin qui nage dans le courant, chaque courant est un sentier qui serpente vers mon palais, et mon palais est bâti fluide, au fond du lac, dans le triangle du feu, de la terre et de l'air.
"Each wave is a water sprite who
swims in the stream, each stream is a footpath that winds towards my palace, and my palace is a fluid structure, at
the bottom of the lake, in a triangle of fire, of earth and of air.
» Écoute! – Écoute! – Mon père bat l'eau coassante d'une branche d'aulne verte, et mes sœurs caressent de leurs bras d'écume les fraîches îles d'herbes, de nénuphars et de glaîeuls, ou se moquent du saule caduc et barbu qui pêche à la ligne. »
"Listen! – Listen! – My father whips the  croaking water with a branch of a  green alder tree, and my sisters caress with their arms of foam the cool islands rbs, of water lilies, and of corn flowers, or laugh at the decrepit and bearded willow who fishes at the line."
Sa chanson murmurée, elle me supplia de recevoir son anneau à mon doigt, pour être l'époux d'une Ondine, et de visiter avec elle son palais, pour être le roi des lacs.
Her song murmured, she beseeched
me to accept her ring on my finger, to
be the husband of an Ondine, and to visit her in her palace and be king of the lakes.
Et comme je lui répondais que j'aimais une mortelle, boudeuse et dépitée, elle pleura quelques larmes, poussa un éclat de rire, et s'évanouit en giboulées qui ruisselèrent
And as I was replying to her that I loved a mortal, sullen and spiteful, she wept some tears, uttered a burst of laughter, and vanished in a shower that streamed white down the length of my
blanches le long de mes vitraux bleus.
blue stained glass windows.

 

Le Gibet


Que vois-je remuer autour de ce Gibet?
Faust.
What do I see stirring around that gibbet?
Faust.
Ah! ce que j'entends, serait-ce la
bise nocturne qui glapit, ou le
pendu qui pousse un soupir sur la
fourche patibulaire?
Ah! that which I hear, was it the north
wind that screeches in the night, or the
hanged one who utters a sigh on the
forked gallows?
Serait-ce quelque grillon qui chante
tapi dans la mousse et le lierre
stérile dont par pitié se chausse le
bois?
Was it some cricket who sings lurking in
the moss and the sterile ivy, which out of
pity covers the floor of the forest?
Serait-ce quelque mouche en
chasse sonnant du cor autour de
ces oreilles sourdes à la fanfare des
hallali?
Was it some fly in chase sounding the
horn around those ears deaf to the
fanfare of the halloos?
Serait-ce quelque escarbot qui
cueille en son vol inégal un cheveu
sanglant à son crâne chauve?
Was it some scarab beetle who gathers
in his uneven flight a bloody hair from his bald skull?
Ou bien serait-ce quelque araignée
qui brode une demi-aune de
mousseline pour cravate à ce col
étranglé?
Or then, was it some spider who
embroiders a half-measure of muslin for a tie on this strangled neck?
C'est la cloche qui tinte aux murs
d'une ville sous l'horizon, et la
It is the bell that tolls from the walls of a
city, under the horizon, and the corpse
carcasse d'un pendu que rougit le soleil couchant.
of the hanged one that is reddened by
the setting sun.

 

Scarbo


Il regarda sous le lit, dans la cheminée,dans le bahut;
– personne. Il ne put comprendre par où il s'était
introduit, par où il s'était évadé.
Hoffmann. – Contes nocturnes
He looked under the bed, in the chimney,
in the cupboard; – nobody. He could not
understand how he got in, or how he escaped.
Hoffmann. – Nocturnal Tales
Oh! que de fois je l'ai entendu et vu,
Scarbo, lorsqu'à minuit la lune brille
dans le ciel comme un écu d'argent
sur une bannière d'azur semée
d'abeilles d'or!
Oh! how often have I heard and seen
him, Scarbo, when at midnight the
moon glitters in the sky like a silver
shield on an azure banner strewn with
golden bees.
Que de fois j'ai entendu bourdonner
son rire dans l'ombre de mon
alcôve, et grincer son ongle sur la
soie des courtines de mon lit!
How often have I heard his laughter
buzz in the shadow of my alcove, and
his fingernail grate on the silk of the
curtains of my bed!
Que de fois je l'ai vu descendre du
plancher, pirouetter sur un pied et
rouler par la chambre comme le
fuseau tombé de la quenouille d'une
sorcière!
How often have I seen him alight on the
floor, pirouette on one foot and roll
through the room like the spindle fallen
from the wand of a sorceress!
Le croyais-je alors évanoui? le nain
grandissait entre la lune et moi
comme le clocher d'une cathédrale
gothique, un grelot d'or en branle à
son bonnet pointu!
Did I think him vanished then? the dwarf
appeared to stretch between the moon
and myself like the steeple of a gothic
cathedral, a golden bell wobbling on his
pointed cap!
Mais bientôt son corps bleuissait,
diaphane comme la cire d'une
bougie, son visage blêmissait
comme la cire d'un lumignon, – et
soudain il s'éteignait.
But soon his body developed a bluish
tint, translucent like the wax of a candle,
his face blanched like melting wax – and
suddenly his light went out.